Target guide · spiral galaxy
M31 Andromeda Galaxy with a smart telescope
M31 Andromeda Galaxy is a spiral galaxy about 190 arcminutes (3.17°) across, magnitude 3.4. It is highest around midnight in September, best placed for the northern hemisphere, and works from a suburb; a darker site gives a much cleaner result. It is larger than every native frame we track, or too small to fill one, so plan a mosaic or a crop.
Key facts
| Catalogue | M31 |
|---|---|
| Type | spiral galaxy |
| Apparent size | 190′ × 60′ |
| Magnitude | 3.4 |
| Position (J2000) | RA 0.71 h, Dec 41.3° |
| Highest at midnight | September (±2 weeks) |
| Sky needed | Suburban sky |
In the best-matching frame
Imaging tips
Galaxies shine in broad starlight, so light-pollution filters help little. What helps most is a darker site and a long total exposure: plan on one to three hours of stacking for the faint outer parts. Andromeda Galaxy is a reasonable target from the suburbs.
Which smart telescope frames it best
| Telescope | Field of view | Fit |
|---|---|---|
| ZWO Seestar S30 Pro | 3.99° × 2.24° | larger than the frame |
| DWARFLAB DWARF 3 | 2.93° × 1.65° | larger than the frame |
| Vaonis Vespera Pro 2 | 1.6° × 1.6° | larger than the frame |
| Vaonis Vespera II | 2.5° × 1.4° | larger than the frame |
| Vaonis Vespera 3 | 2.5° × 1.4° | larger than the frame |
| ZWO Seestar S50 Pro | 2.45° × 1.38° | larger than the frame |
| ZWO Seestar S30 | 2.14° × 1.21° | larger than the frame |
| DWARFLAB DWARF mini | 2.13° × 1.2° | larger than the frame |
| Celestron Origin Mark II | 1.32° × 0.75° | larger than the frame |
| ZWO Seestar S50 | 1.29° × 0.73° | larger than the frame |
| Unistellar Odyssey | 0.75° × 0.56° | larger than the frame |
| Unistellar Odyssey Pro | 0.75° × 0.56° | larger than the frame |
How high it gets from where you live
Highest altitude above a flat horizon. Below about 20° the image suffers from haze and light pollution; trees and roofs often block it completely.
| Latitude | Highest altitude |
|---|---|
| Oslo, 60° N | 71° |
| Amsterdam, 52° N | 79° |
| Madrid, 40° N | 89° |
| Miami, 26° N | 75° |
| Equator | 49° |
| Sydney, 34° S | 15° |
Nearby in the sky
Objects close to M31 in the sky, so you can image them in the same session.
Questions and answers
- Can I photograph M31 Andromeda Galaxy from a city?
- It is possible: it works from a suburb; a darker site gives a much cleaner result.
- Which smart telescope is best for M31 Andromeda Galaxy?
- None of the smart telescopes we track frames it well in one frame; plan a mosaic or a crop.
- When is the best time to photograph M31 Andromeda Galaxy?
- It is highest around midnight in September and best placed for the northern hemisphere. From 52° north it climbs to about 79° at most.